{"id":11768,"date":"2021-07-13T17:17:24","date_gmt":"2021-07-13T14:17:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ecording.org\/?p=11768"},"modified":"2022-10-27T13:44:58","modified_gmt":"2022-10-27T10:44:58","slug":"silvikultur-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecording.org\/silvikultur-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Silvik\u00fclt\u00fcr nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Silvik\u00fclt\u00fcr kelimesi, Latince k\u00f6kenli \u201csilva=orman\u201d ve \u201ccultura=yeti\u015ftirmek\u201d kelimelerinin birle\u015fmesinden olu\u015fmu\u015ftur ve \u201corman yeti\u015ftirmek\u201d anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Ormanlar\u0131n devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve kendisinden beklenen g\u00f6revleri yerine getirmesi, silvik\u00fclt\u00fcrel uygulamalar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Silvik\u00fclt\u00fcrel uygulamalar ile birlikte; yeni ormanlar kurulmas\u0131, mevcut veya sonradan olu\u015fturulan ormanlar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k ve kalitesinin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bak\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131, ormanlar\u0131n devaml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in gen\u00e7le\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda bulunulmas\u0131 ve b\u00fct\u00fcn bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilirken de toplumun ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu taleplerin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Silvik\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n tam kalbinde, do\u011fan\u0131n ola\u011fan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na ve do\u011fan\u0131n kendi kanunlar\u0131na uygun bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 referans olarak al\u0131n\u0131r. Do\u011fa ile uyum ile birlikte bilim ve ekonomi gibi etkenler de g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak, ormanlar\u0131n ve do\u011fal ya\u015fam\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir \u015fekilde varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olur. Silvik\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan en kapsaml\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ise \u201cdo\u011fal\u201d ve \u201cyapay\u201d olarak ikiye ayr\u0131lan \u201cgen\u00e7le\u015ftirme\u201d uygulamalar\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do\u011fal Gen\u00e7le\u015ftirme Uygulamas\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Do\u011fal gen\u00e7le\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda \u00f6ncelikle, me\u015fcerelerdeki (en az bir hektar b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde orman par\u00e7as\u0131) a\u011fa\u00e7lardan d\u00f6k\u00fclen tohumlardan olu\u015facak yeni bireyler ile uyumlu ve b\u00fct\u00fcnsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda s\u00f6z konusu alana gerekirse d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan tohum takviyesi de uygulanabilir. Yapay gen\u00e7le\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ise \u00e7o\u011funlukla, do\u011fal gen\u00e7le\u015ftirme ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli nedenlerden dolay\u0131 uygulanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya do\u011fal gen\u00e7le\u015ftirmenin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmedi\u011fi alanlarda dikim yoluyla ve insan eliyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen uygulamalard\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bununla birlikte; silvik\u00fclt\u00fcr bilimi ile ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapan s\u00f6z sahibi kurumlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ve \u00fcniversitelerimizin raporlar\u0131nda ve sunumlar\u0131nda da, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan her yerde uygulama tercihinin do\u011fal gen\u00e7le\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan yana oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmektedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yap\u0131lan yapay gen\u00e7le\u015ftirme uygulamalar\u0131 sonucunda a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma alanlar\u0131nda olu\u015fan k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn ilk y\u0131llarda, do\u011fal gen\u00e7le\u015ftirme alanlar\u0131ndaki gen\u00e7li\u011fe g\u00f6re h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fti\u011fi belirlense de sonraki y\u0131llarda; do\u011fal gen\u00e7le\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yap\u0131lan alanlar\u0131ndaki bireylerin boy ve \u00e7ap art\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n, yapay gen\u00e7le\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 sonucunda olu\u015fan bireylerden daha \u00fcst seviyelere ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcm bu durumlar ile birlikte, a\u011fa\u00e7lardan d\u00f6k\u00fclen tohum miktarlar\u0131na g\u00f6re y\u0131llar, bol tohum y\u0131l\u0131ndan tohumsuz y\u0131la kadar farkl\u0131 isimlerle adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Do\u011fa; her ne kadar kendi kendini en optimum ko\u015fullarda yenileme s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilme yeteneklerine sahip olsa da, \u00f6zellikle g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde zarar verici d\u0131\u015f etkilerin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 fazla olmas\u0131, iklim krizinin etkileri ile birlikte me\u015fcerelerde bozukluklar\u0131n art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stermesi, bol tohum y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 ve havzalarda susuzluk art\u0131\u015f\u0131 gibi etkiler; iklim krizi ile m\u00fccadele etme ve t\u00fcm bu olumsuzluklar\u0131 en az\u0131ndan belirli seviyelerde tutarak do\u011fay\u0131 koruma ve taklit etme konusunda bizlere daha da fazla sorumluluk katmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130klim \u0130\u00e7in Yapt\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

H\u00fck\u00fcmetleraras\u0131 K\u00fcresel \u0130klim Paneli\u2019nin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu K\u00fcresel \u0130klim Raporu\u2019nda da ifade edildi\u011fi \u00fczere; 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar iklim krizine kar\u015f\u0131 herhangi bir aksiyon almamam\u0131z durumunda, d\u00fcnya s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 1.5 C\u2019den daha fazla artmas\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yay\u0131z. Bu duruma kar\u015f\u0131n alternatif \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerden biri olan; \u00e7imlenmi\u015f ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u015fekilde b\u00fcy\u00fcyerek d\u00fcnyam\u0131za nefes kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015f tohum toplar\u0131 ile birlikte bizler, ecording olarak do\u011fan\u0131n ula\u015f\u0131lan\/ula\u015f\u0131lamayan her yerinde bu tohum toplar\u0131n\u0131n at\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirerek asl\u0131nda yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde say\u0131s\u0131z hayat potansiyeli olu\u015fturmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yoruz. S\u00f6z konusu s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sabit tutulabilmesi i\u00e7in gereken 1.2 trilyon hayat potansiyeli i\u00e7in de zaman\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, inanc\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve \u00e7abalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 bu umut do\u011frultusunda s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeyi hedefliyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bar\u0131\u015f Umut G\u00fcmr\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Silvik\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n tam kalbinde, do\u011fan\u0131n ola\u011fan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na ve do\u011fan\u0131n kendi kanunlar\u0131na uygun bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 referans olarak al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":18922,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ecording.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/IMG_6749-scaled.jpg?fit=2560%2C1706&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecording.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11768"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecording.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecording.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecording.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecording.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11768"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/ecording.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11768\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23245,"href":"https:\/\/ecording.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11768\/revisions\/23245"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecording.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18922"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecording.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11768"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecording.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11768"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecording.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11768"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}